The American Dental Association (ADA) acknowledges 12 distinct dental specialties, one of which is oral pathology, concentrating on the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the oral and maxillofacial regions.

If you are curious about this discipline the Hollywood, Florida dentist can help you know everything about oral pathology and the most common diseases that dental experts have to tackle. 

A comprehensive guide to oral pathology

Oral pathology is the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the teeth, gums, bones, joints, glands, skin, and muscles around your mouth. 

The most common oral pathologies have been discussed below:

Geographic tongue 

• Also known as benign migratory glossitis or erythema migrans, this condition is characterized by missing papillae in different areas of the tongue.
• This results in a map-like appearance of the tongue. 
• This condition is usually seen as red, well-defined areas in or around the sides of your tongue. 

Median palatal cysts 

• These are developmental in origin and are typically fluid-filled sacs. 
• They appear in the middle of the palate and may cause pain and discomfort. 

Hairy tongue 

• An overgrowth of fungi or bacteria in the mouth can cause the tongue to become black and hairy.
• This often results due to poor oral hygiene, chronic and extensive use of antibiotics, or radiotherapy. 

Oral cancer 

• Any abnormal cell growth can cause adverse effects and changes in the tissues in your mouth. 
• Here there may be alteration in the color, form, and texture of the affected tissues. 

Treating oral pathologies

Treatment for oral pathologies depends on the type of disease and its severity. 

Mild forms

• Antibiotics
• This will treat bacterial infections and alleviate soreness and discomfort.

Diluted hydrogen peroxide

• This will kill more bacteria than regular mouthwash and also significantly improve bad breath. 

Severe forms

• Oral surgery
• The affected area may be completely removed to prevent the spread of the infection or cancer to other parts of your oral cavity.

Preventing oral pathologies

You can lower your risk of oral pathologies by the following preventive tips:

• Avoid tobacco products
• Limit alcohol intake 
• Maintain a healthy weight 
• Protect yourself from excessive sun exposure
• Vaccinate yourself 
• Visit your dentist regularly for checkups 
• Practice good oral hygiene
• Consume a healthy, well-balanced diet 

Consistent dental examinations and adherence to oral hygiene routines, such as brushing, flossing, and abstaining from tobacco, are vital in the prevention and treatment of oral ailments. Should you notice any alterations in your oral health, seek prompt consultation with a dentist.